I have two things for you:
1. Please go over all the data/syntheses as a result of the parallel sessions. Take note that there are still groups that haven't submitted theirs. I committed to send you these notes today so even if there are still missing reports I must already hit the "Send" button in a little while. I will still be able to send the reports of those who will make it to the 12MN deadline today in a few days
2. Your assigned communities/parishes are as follows:
a) Melborne's team - Bulua c/o Fr Eddie Magtrayo
b) Leo Mar's - Carmen c/o Fr Perseus Cabunoc
c) Vincent's - Balulang c/o Fr Glenn Pimentel
d) Florence - Nazareth (San Antonio) __?
e) Jheffrey Pholl - Kauswagan c/o Fr Roel Buntol
f) Carmi - Lumbia c/o Fr Jose Cabantan
g) Vic Jason - Camaman-an __?
h) Bnn - Lapasan (Nazareno) c/o Msgr Rey Monsanto
i) Boomboom - Macasandig (San LorenzoRuiz) __?
j) Emily - Consolacion ___?
I have yet to properly introduce you to the parish priests and or to other contact persons. Why priests? We are partnering with the Archidocese of Cagayan de Oro to make the work easier for you. Because of this, we need to meet on Tuesday (sorry folks!), 18 November. I will give you the Tue after next, 25 Nov as off class=================================
good luck!
1. SYNTHESIS – PARALLEL SESSION (Politics, Health, Peace and order)
a) POLITICS AND CORRUPTION (BOLUHAN, FERNAN)
POLITICS
- Defined as the science of civil government
- Includes the process of group decision making; these groups of people are also known as political parties
- The term is usually and generally applied to behaviour and practices in the civil government, however it can also be observed on other human group interactions in the corporate, academic and religious institutions (e.g. student government, hierarchal positions on the Catholic church, bureaucracy in corporate organizations)
POWER
Social psychologists have recognized two main types of power and the other three have just branched out from the concepts. These types are:
- Incentive power – the power to reward
- Coercive power – the power to punish
- Legitimate power – given to an individual by a recognized authority to enforce standards of behavior (e.g. traffic enforcer)
- Referent power – bestowed upon individuals by virtue of accomplishment or attitude (e.g. modern day heroes, those awarded for bravery)
- Expert power – springs from education or experience (e.g. people with PhDs)
AUTHORITY
- In the political context, it implies legitimacy and acceptance
- The person in authority has the right to exercise his or her power (e.g. elected public officials, traffic enforcers)
LEGITIMACY
- It is gained through the acquisition and application of power, provided that it is adhering to recognized standards and principles (e.g. documents from lawyers)
Max Weber's Tripartite Classification of Authority
- Traditional – supporting existing values of status quo, usually patriarchal, acknowledging the father as the head of the household
- Charismatic – grows out of personal charm or strength of the person
- Legal-rational authority - receive their ability to compel behavior by virtue of the office that they hold, it is usually obedience to the position the person has, not to the person him/herself
GLOBAL POLITICS
- From 2003 to present, International congresses are held against socialist regimes and restoration of capitalism
- Anti-globalization movement heightens, especially I n
- Peace and order still remains a distant goal for some countries in the Middle East and
PHILIPPINE POLITICS
- Despite the political turmoil, the political situation gas remained rather peaceful as of the moment.
- Some say that we are 'one notch short of getting violent'; this is both good and bad since we aren't really that in chaos yet, but we are really close to getting there.
- The country is extremely polarized in a sense that people have different views and sentiments towards politicians and issues.
CORRUPTION
- Technically refers to the concept where in an organization, a certain part of it is not performing its duties as it was originally intended to or could be performing it in an improper way.
POLITICAL CORRUPTION
- Using government powers for personal gain
Types of abuse
· Bribery
· Graft
· Patronage
· Nepotism and cronyism
· Embezzlement
· Kickbacks
· Involvement in organized crime
b) PEACE AND ORDER (ESCAÑO, GO, TAGUPA)
PEACE
- "freedom from civil disorder"
- the absence of war or other hostilities
- an agreement or treaty to end hostilities
- freedom from quarrels & disagreements
- public security and order
- inner contentment; serenity ; peace of mind
Peace as the presence of justice
Mahatma Gandhi suggested that if an oppressive society lacks violence, the society is nonetheless not peaceful, because of the injustice of the oppression.
Peace & Development
- when a country is developed, it is nevertheless peaceful
Peaceful development includes:
- good governance,
- healthcare,
- education,
- gender equality,
- disaster preparedness,
- infrastructure,
- economics,
- rule of law,
- human rights,
- environment and
- other political issues.
The measuring of development uses not only GDP but also numerous measures such as:
- Literacy rates
- Life expectancy
- Gini coefficient
- Per capita income
- Maternal survival rate
- HIV infection rates
- Number of doctors per capita
- Human Development Index
c) HEALTH AND REPRODUCTIVE GEALTH BILL (HB NO. 5043) (NERI,
Health
- freedom from disease or pain
- condition of being sound in body
- any problem in health could hamper development since manpower is the principal asset of every country.
- Improving maternal health is one of the goals of MGD
Health Situation and Trend in the
- Communicable diseases and non communicable diseases, health risk factors and transition
- Outbreaks of communicable diseases
- Leading cause of morality and morbidity
- Maternal, infant and child diseases
- Burden of diseases like Tuberculosis
Indicators
- Births attended by skilled health personnel is estimated 59.8%
- Maternal deaths per 100000 births is 4100 mothers
- Contraceptive prevalence is estimated 33.44%
- Infant mortality rate per 1000 live births is estimated 26
- Child mortality per 1000 under 5 male – 40; female – 28
- Crude birth rate per 1000 is 25.7%, crude birth death rate is 5.1%
Indicators show that birth rate is much higher that death rate which is a problem since it results to overpopulation; one reason of poverty in the country.
HB 5043 reproductive health and population development act of 2008
- Providing national policy on reproductive health, responsible parenthood and population development.
- Policy aims to promote four pillars of population development:
o Responsible parenthood
o Informed choice
o Birth spacing
o Respect for life
- Seeks to provide couples with enabling environment to enjoy basic rights to decide freely the number and spacing of children and to have the information, education and access to legally-safe, effective, affordable and acceptable methods of gamily planning.
a) Population
Group of Vincent Dalaota, Merzel Bolongaita and Cherie Fae Ancheta
· The number of people in an area.
· The organisms inhabiting a particular locality.
Demography - the scientific study of human population.
Sub-topics:
1.) Composition - refers to the characteristics of the people being studied when measured as a group.
Examples: age, sex, marital status, ethnicity or race, education
2.) Distribution - the manner in which a population is spread over the earth’s surface. It shows the population density, economies of scale, and the demographic change in fertility, mortality and migration.
3.) Population size and population growth – gives us the estimated population, the growth in food production, and etc
Statistics:
· Of the total population in 2000, about 38.5 million or 50.36 percent were males while 38.0 million or 49.64 percent were females.
· Out of the 38 million females in the
· About 43.89 percent of the total population 10 years and over were single, while 45.66 percent were married
· Academic degree holders, there were more females (57.89 percent) than males (42.11 percent).
· Baccalaureate courses, the proportion was higher for females (58.27 percent) than for males (41.73 percent).
Group of Saluma Fi Jumawid, Carmi Marie Don and Grace Dy
Waste management methods:
1.) Disposal Method
§ Landfilling
§ Incineration or burning
2.) Recycling Method – The process of extracting resources or value from waste is generally referred to as recycling, meaning to recover or reuse the material.
§ Physical Reprocessing – The popular meaning of ‘recycling’ in most developed countries refers to the widespread collection and reuse of everyday waste materials such as empty beverage containers.
§ Biological Reprocessing – Waste materials that are organic in nature such as plant material, food scraps, and paper products, can be recycled using biological composting and digestion processes to decompose the organic matter.
§ Energy Recovery – The energy content of waste products can be harnessed directly by using them as direct combustion fuel, or indirectly by processing them into another type of fuel.
3.) Avoidance and Reduction Method – An important method of waste management is the prevention of waste material being created also known as waste reduction. Methods of avoidance include reuse of second-hand products, and repairing broken items instead of buying new.
c) Environment
Group of April Jhim De La Cruz, Princess Dawn Felicitas and Melborne Baiting
Environment – a term that encompasses all living and non-living things occurring naturally on Earth or in some region thereof.
Global Situation
- Air Quality
- National Lands
- Species Preservation
- Treatment of Waste
- Nuclear Waste
- Water Quality
- Chemicals in Air and Food
- Genetically Modified Foods
- Global Population Growth
National Situation
Natural Resource Degradation
· Forest cover in the
· Rapid conversion of forestlands and grasslands to urban use is depleting our natural systems.
· Marine resources are heavily stressed by over exploitation and pollution.
· Household garbage collection is improving but 90% of sewage is not treated and disposed of in an environmentally sound manner.
· Les than 10% of the country’s total population is connected to sewers and rarely maintain on-site sanitation.
· Increasing water pollution is degrading the country’s groundwater, rivers, lakes and coastal areas and the quality of half of the country’s rivers fall below water quality norms.
· The discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater and agricultural runoff has caused extensive pollution of the receiving water bodies.
· The adverse impact of water pollution costs the economy and estimated Ph67 billion annually.
· Rapid forest loss has eliminated habitat for unique and threatened plant and animal species
· The loss of nutrient soil reduces crop yields.
· Rivers and streams carry eroded soil to the coast.
· Between 1990 and 2000, the country lost more than 800, 000 hectares of forests to clearing for agriculture, forest fires, illegal logging, and other factors.
The destruction of the country’s natural resources has led more Filipinos to poverty.
Local Issues:
§ The government especially the Department of Environment and Natural Resources must properly implement the existing laws to address environmental problems.
§ The increase of number of people has caused the depletion of environmental resources since people are cutting down trees to build houses and buildings and they also do coal mining which is used for the energy consumption of the people.
· Agriculture
§ Agriculture has contributed to environmental pollution.
§ Fertilizers and chemicals have reached the water bodies of our ecosystem.
· Health and Sanitation
§ People don’t practice waste management and sanitation.
a) Corruption
Tarampi, Bnn Gerald Socio97
Vergara, Anne Danielle
Ricote, Joanna Mae
Robero, Carla Paula
SYNTHESIS: Corruption
An impairment of integrity, virtue or moral principle; depravity, decay, and/or an inducement to wrong by improper or unlawful means, a departure from the original or from what is pure or correct, and/or an agency or influence that corrupts.
Types:
Ø Political Corruption
Ø Data Corruption
Ø Linguistic Corruption
The Philippine Setting
-The mortal mix of corruption and poverty and a consequent loss of popular confidence in government and the electoral process as instruments of change.
-it retards economic and social development, lowers the quality of public services and infrastructure and raises the prices of goods and services.
-In 2000, the World Bank estimated that the
-Graft and corruption has become so ingrained in the national life that it is considered “normal.”
-control of corruption has worsened over the past 11 years, from 45.1% in ‘96 to 22.0% in ‘07
-among 61 countries surveyed in the 2006 World Competitiveness Survey, the
-In the 2007 report of the Political and Economic Risk Consultancy, using a grading system with 10 as the worst possible score, the
Public Perception of Graft & Corruption
Ø In a survey conducted in Metro Manila by the Social Weather Station (SWS), as much as 68 percent of respondents agreed that given current conditions, corrupt government officials are a greater threat to the country than the MILF rebels
According to Social Weather Stations surveys, Filipinos perceive the following to be the main forms of corruption:
- general bribery / gift-giving
- diversion of budget away from projects
- no transparency in bidding
- overpricing procurement
- doing substandard project
- underreporting tax collection
- tax and tariff evasion
- pork barrel
- cronyism
The top 3 in the number of corruption complaints
received by the Office of the Ombudsman:
- Department of Public Works and Highways (26.9% of all cases)
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources (17.5 %)
- Department of Education, Culture, and Sports (15.9%)
The relationship between corruption and human development
-
- The higher the Corruption Perception Index (CPI), the higher the Human Development Index
- because
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